This online book from the CDC provides information for travelers and health professionals about health issues and infectious diseases around the world. Chapter 3 on Infectious Disease Related to Travel is particularly helpful.
MedLinePlus functions as a clearinghouse for health and medical information created by numerous government health agencies and sites they have evaluated and selected for inclusion.
World Health Organization provides a vast amount of information on health topics on a global scale. Of particular interest is their large collection of fact sheets on various diseases.